Spectacular Webb Telescope’s Image of Galaxy Cluster Revealed
US President Joe Biden unveiled a cosmic image captured by the James Webb Space Telescope at the White House on Monday evening, a last-minute surprise unveiling before NASA’s highly anticipated July 12 release of Webb’s first full-color images. It is a preview of what is to come from a telescope that will peer into profoundly deep space to observe some of the first stars and galaxies to form.
The space observatory, which will orbit the Earth at a distance of approximately 1 million miles, will also see through dense clouds of cosmic dust and make groundbreaking discoveries about the composition of planets beyond our solar system (exoplanets).
At the unveiling she attended with President Biden, Vice President Kamala Harris stated, “The James Webb Space Telescope allows us to see deeper into space than ever before, with stunning clarity.”
The first image depicts galaxies in the depths of space. The light from these galaxies has traveled for billions of years, according to NASA administrator Bill Nelson. You are observing the galaxy cluster SMACS 0723 as it appeared approximately 4.6 billion years ago. However, behind it are more ancient galaxies.
“This is the most detailed and sharpest infrared image of the distant universe ever captured by NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope. This image of the galaxy cluster SMACS 0723, also known as Webb’s First Deep Field, is rich in detail “NASA issued a statement explaining. “Thousands of galaxies, including the faintest infrared objects ever observed, have appeared for the first time in Webb’s field of view. This portion of the vast universe encompasses a patch of sky roughly the size of a sand grain held at arm’s length by a person on the ground.”
On July 12, more images will be available. “These images will remind the world that America is capable of great things,” said Vice President Joe Biden.
It's here–the deepest, sharpest infrared view of the universe to date: Webb's First Deep Field.
Previewed by @POTUS on July 11, it shows galaxies once invisible to us. The full set of @NASAWebb's first full-color images & data will be revealed July 12: https://t.co/63zxpNDi4I pic.twitter.com/zAr7YoFZ8C
— NASA (@NASA) July 11, 2022
The deep space observatory
The Webb telescope — a collaboration between NASA, the European Space Agency, and the Canadian Space Agency — is designed to make discoveries that have never been made before. Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate and astrophysicist, recently stated at a press conference, “With this telescope, it’s almost impossible not to break records.”
How Webb will accomplish unprecedented feats:
Giant mirror, which captures light, is over 21 feet in diameter. This is more than 2.5 times the size of the Hubble Space Telescope’s mirror. Webb can observe more distant, ancient objects by capturing more light. A few hundred million years after the Big Bang, the telescope will examine galaxies and stars that formed more than 13 billion years ago.
Last year, Jean Creighton, an astronomer and the director of the Manfred Olson Planetarium at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, told Mashable, “We’re going to see the very first stars and galaxies that ever formed.”
Infrared view: Unlike Hubble, which primarily observes visible light, Webb is primarily an infrared telescope, meaning it observes infrared light. This greatly expands our view of the universe. Infrared has longer wavelengths than visible light, allowing the light waves to pass through cosmic clouds more efficiently; they do not collide with and become scattered by these dense clouds as frequently. In the end, Webb’s infrared vision can see places Hubble cannot.
“It lifts the veil,” Creighton stated.
Peering into distant exoplanets: The Webb telescope is equipped with spectrometers that will revolutionize our understanding of distant exoplanets, allowing it to peer into these worlds. The instruments can determine what molecules (such as water, carbon dioxide, and methane) are present in the atmospheres of distant exoplanets, whether they are gas giants or smaller rocky planets. Webb will investigate extrasolar planets in the Milky Way galaxy. Who knows what we may discover?
Mercedes López-Morales, an exoplanet researcher and astrophysicist at the Center for Astrophysics-Harvard & Smithsonian, told Mashable in 2021, “We may learn things we never imagined.”
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